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Empowered Perimenopause With Francesca Liparoti
Episode 88: Brain Fog in Perimenopause: What Oestrogen Does to the Brain
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Is Your Brain Feeling Different Lately?

Have you found yourself walking into a room and forgetting why you went in there?

Losing your train of thought halfway through a sentence?

Reading the same email three times because you simply cannot concentrate?

Feeling mentally slower, less productive, less motivated, or like your brain just isn’t working the way it used to?

If this sounds familiar, you are absolutely not alone.

One of the most common, and often most distressing, experiences women report during perimenopause is cognitive change.

Brain fog, forgetfulness, poor focus, difficulty finding words, mental fatigue, feeling overwhelmed more easily, struggling to “get into flow” with work or daily tasks.

And for a lot of women, it can feel frightening.

Especially if you’ve always been someone who is organised, capable, sharp, productive, and mentally switched on.

Many women silently worry:
“Am I becoming less capable?”
“Am I losing myself?”
“Why does everything suddenly feel harder?”

In this episode, I explore what is actually happening inside the brain during perimenopause and why these symptoms are far more physiological and understandable than many women realise.

Because oestradiol, our most active form of oestrogen, is not just a reproductive hormone, it’s also one of the brain’s most important neurosteroids.

Oestrogen and the Brain

Oestradiol directly influences key neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline, brain chemicals involved in:

  • motivation
  • focus
  • mental clarity
  • mood
  • stress resilience
  • attention and drive

It also plays a major role in areas of the brain responsible for:

  • memory formation and recall
  • emotional regulation
  • learning
  • processing stress
  • cognitive flexibility

During perimenopause, oestradiol doesn’t simply decline in a smooth, linear way. It fluctuates, often dramatically and unpredictably.

These erratic hormonal shifts can create very real downstream effects on cognition and emotional wellbeing.

This is why so many women in midlife describe feeling mentally “off”, foggy, overwhelmed, emotionally reactive, or simply not like themselves anymore.

And importantly, this is usually happening during one of the busiest, most demanding phases of life.

Many women in midlife are simultaneously navigating:

  • demanding careers / at the peak of their career
  • teenagers or younger children
  • ageing parents
  • relationship pressures
  • chronic stress
  • invisible emotional labour
  • disrupted sleep

So these cognitive changes are not happening in isolation.

Your brain is carrying a tremendous load.

How to Support Your Brain Through Perimenopause

Body identical hormone therapy can absolutely be one valuable tool for some women, and for many it can make a profound difference.

But lifestyle foundations remain incredibly important too, whether you use HRT or not.

The encouraging news is that the brain remains adaptable throughout life.

Small, consistent habits really do matter.

Move Often!

Exercise is one of the most powerful tools we have for brain health.

Movement:

  • increases blood flow to the brain
  • supports the growth of new neural connections
  • improves mood and stress resilience
  • reduces neuroinflammation linked to brain fog
  • supports memory and cognitive performance

And importantly, consistency matters far more than perfection or intensity.

This does not need to mean punishing workouts or rigid step counts.

A simple daily walk is incredibly beneficial.

If you spend long periods sitting at a desk, try to move every 50–60 minutes, even briefly.

A few squats. A quick walk around the block. Stretching. A couple of sun salutations. Making a cup of tea.

Tiny moments of movement throughout the day really add up.

Food for Your Midlife Brain

Your brain is metabolically demanding. It requires a steady supply of nutrients to function well.

Omega-3 fats, especially DHA

DHA is one of the major structural fats in the brain and nervous system and is particularly important for:

  • memory
  • learning
  • mood
  • cognitive function

While foods like walnuts and flaxseeds contain ALA omega-3 fats, oily fish provides pre-formed DHA in a far more usable form for the body.

Choline

Choline is an essential nutrient involved in memory, learning, and nervous system signalling.

It’s needed to produce acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter heavily involved in:

  • memory formation
  • attention
  • processing information

Egg yolks are one of the richest dietary sources.

Protein & Neurotransmitters

Protein provides amino acids, the raw materials needed to produce neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin.

Many women unintentionally under-eat protein in midlife, which can impact:

  • mood
  • concentration
  • energy
  • cognitive resilience

Antioxidants & Polyphenols

Colourful fruits and vegetables help protect the brain against oxidative stress and inflammation.

Foods like:

  • berries
  • extra virgin olive oil
  • herbs and spices
  • green tea
  • cocoa

contain polyphenols that may help support long-term cognitive health.

Blood Sugar Balance

Blood sugar swings can significantly worsen:

  • brain fog
  • anxiety
  • poor concentration
  • energy crashes
  • irritability

Balanced meals that include protein, healthy fats, and fibre can help create steadier energy and clearer thinking throughout the day.

Hydration Matters Too

Even mild dehydration can affect concentration, mood, and mental clarity surprisingly quickly.

Many women also become more sensitive to caffeine and alcohol during perimenopause, which can further impact sleep and cognitive function.

Look After Your Sleep

Sleep is not a luxury when it comes to brain health.

It is when the brain:

  • restores cognitive capacity
  • clears metabolic waste
  • consolidates memory
  • regulates mood and stress responses

Protecting sleep wherever possible is one of the most powerful investments you can make in your long-term brain health.

Helpful foundations include:

  • consistent sleep and wake times
  • reducing late-night light exposure
  • keeping the bedroom cool and dark
  • addressing night sweats where possible
  • balancing blood sugar
  • reducing stress load

Manage Your Stress Load

Chronic stress changes the brain.

It narrows attention, impairs memory, increases inflammation, and keeps the nervous system in a constant state of vigilance.

This is particularly relevant in perimenopause, when hormonal changes can already make the stress response feel more amplified.

Practices like:

  • breathwork
  • mindfulness
  • yoga
  • time in nature
  • nervous system regulation practices

have measurable effects on stress physiology and cognitive wellbeing over time.

Even small, consistent practices matter.

Don’t Underestimate Connection + Cuddles

Social connection is one of the most underrated protectors of long-term cognitive health.

Isolation, loneliness, and chronic emotional stress carry very real neurological consequences.

Midlife can feel surprisingly isolating for many women.

Which is why connection matters so much.

  • Go for dinner with your friends
  • Laugh
  • Talk
  • Share honestly, ask for help where you need it
  • Be yourself
  • Stay connected to people who help you feel safe, seen, and supported

Your Brain Is Not Failing

If your brain feels different right now, it does not mean you are lazy, failing, incapable, or “losing yourself”.

Your brain is responding to a major neuroendocrine transition while often carrying an enormous cognitive and emotional load.

And importantly:
your brain can be supported.

With understanding, nourishment, movement, rest, stress support, and the right tools, many women notice significant improvements in how they feel.

Listen to the Episode

If this conversation resonates with you, listen to the full episode and share it with a friend who needs this reminder too.

And if you’d like more support navigating perimenopause with clarity and confidence, you can explore working with me through Midlife Thrive, including 1:1 support, resources, and community support for women in midlife.

Take the Free Perimenopause Quiz!

  • Find your perimenopause stage, uncover your priority health pillars, and get instant steps to feel better, all in one free quiz, here.

Join the Midlife Thrive Membership here.

Other Resources & Support

All available via my website, or feel free to email or DM me on Instagram if you’re unsure what support you need.

Support for the Empowered Perimenopause Podcast

Your support in listening to these episodes means the absolute world to me and helps me make an impact with my work, which is why I’m here. I’d be so grateful if you could subscribe/follow the show wherever you listen to podcasts, leave a review – 5 stars would be amazing and so helpful, if you’re happy to!

Did you enjoy this episode? It would mean so much to me if you could leave me a 5 star review on your favourite podcast player. This will help my show to rank higher on different platforms and have more listeners tuning in every week :-)

Have questions or ideas for future topics or guests? I’d love to hear from you. Get in touch me at francesca@francescaliparoti.com

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HELLO! I'm fRANCESCA

My goal and passion in life is to empower women with the knowledge and information they need to navigate their 40s, aka perimenopause. I want all women to know exactly what happens in their body and brain as their hormones behave differently in their 40s. And what they can do! 

I have over 10 years experience working as a Nutritional Therapist, having chosen to specialise in the area of perimenopause 5 years ago.

I hold a Diploma in Nutritional Therapy from the Institute for Optimum Nutrition and I am a member of the British Association for Applied Nutrition and Nutritional Therapy (BANT) and of the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council (CNHC).

FRANCESCA LIPAROTI



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